TECHNOLOGY：

LED - A Light Emitting Diode (LED) is a solid-state semiconductor device that converts electrical energy directly into light. On its most basic level, the semiconductor is comprised of two regions. The p-region contains positive electrical charges while the n-region contains negative electrical charges. When voltage is applied and current begins to flow, the electrons move across the n region into the p region. The process of an electron moving through the p-n junction releases energy. The dispersion of this energy produces photons with visible wavelengths.

Levels:
Level 1 - The chip or die
Level 2 - The LED component
Level 3 - LED array; may include optics, heat sink and/or power supply
Level 4 - LED luminaire